The 4 S’s of Disaster Management Framework: A Case Study of the 2022 Pediatric Tripledemic Response in a Community Hospital

During the 2022 pediatric “tripledemic,” a community hospital used the 4 S’s—space, staff, stuff, structure—to manage a surge without ICU transfers. Actions included reconfiguring space, redeploying staff, reallocating equipment, and strengthening partnerships. The strategy helped maintain care without crisis standards.

Date published:
May 20, 2024

Evidence At A Glance


Study Type:
Qualitative
Study Design:
Case study
Study Outcomes:
Acceptability, Feasibility, Program evaluation/quality improvement

Target Population:
Organizational leadership
Disaster Type:
Infectious disease outbreak
Intervention Target Level:
Organizational level

Intervention Area:

Surge management:
  • Medical surge
  • Multi-sector partnerships & training