The impact of the three-level collaboration exercise on collaboration and leadership during scenario-based hospital evacuation exercises using flexible surge capacity concept: a mixed method cross-sectional study

This study looked at a disaster training exercise in Thailand that focused on improving teamwork and leadership during hospital evacuations. The training used a “3-level collaboration” (3LC) method and the Flexible Surge Capacity (FSC) concept, which includes working with hospitals, government agencies, police, fire services, and community groups. After the exercise, participants showed better understanding of command, communication, safety, and coordination. Burnout feelings were also reduced. The study found that early community involvement and regular joint exercises can strengthen disaster response. The results suggest that practicing collaboration before disasters improves real-world preparedness and hospital evacuation planning.